## How to Tighten Taps Under Kitchen Sink: A Step-by-Step Guide
Leaking taps can waste a substantial amount of water, resulting in increased water bills and potential water damage. Tightening taps is a relatively simple task that can be completed in a few minutes with the right tools and a bit of know-how. This comprehensive guide will provide step-by-step instructions on how to tighten taps under your kitchen sink effectively.
### Tools and Materials Required
* Adjustable wrench or basin wrench
* Plumber’s tape (optional)
* Clean rags or towels
* Gloves (optional)
### Safety Precautions
* Turn off the water supply to the taps before starting any work. You can do this by locating the shutoff valves under the sink or by turning off the main water supply to your home.
* Wear gloves to protect your hands from any sharp edges or hot water.
### Step-by-Step Instructions
**1. Identify the Type of Tap**
Determine the type of tap you have. There are two main types: compression taps and cartridge taps.
* **Compression taps:** These taps have a handle that controls a washer that forms a seal against a seat in the tap body.
* **Cartridge taps:** These taps use a removable cartridge that contains the seals and other components that control water flow.
**2. Locate the Packing Nut**
The packing nut is a large, hexagonal nut located around the base of the tap stem. It helps to keep the tap stem in place and prevent water leaks.
**3. Tighten the Packing Nut**
Using an adjustable wrench or basin wrench, tighten the packing nut by turning it clockwise. Be careful not to overtighten the nut, as this could damage the tap.
**4. Apply Plumber’s Tape (Optional)**
For additional leak prevention, you can wrap one or two layers of plumber’s tape around the threads of the packing nut before tightening it. This will create a tighter seal.
**5. Tighten the Stem Screw (Compression Taps Only)**
Compression taps have a stem screw located in the center of the handle. Tightening this screw will help to seal the washer against the seat in the tap body. Use a screwdriver to tighten the stem screw gently.
**6. Replace the Handle**
Once the packing nut and stem screw are tightened, reattach the tap handle. Make sure the handle is facing the correct direction and is securely screwed on.
### Troubleshooting Common Tap Leaks
* **Water leaking from the base of the tap:** This usually indicates a loose packing nut or a worn washer. Follow the steps above to tighten the packing nut and replace the washer if necessary.
* **Water leaking from the handle:** This may be caused by a loose stem screw or a worn seal in the cartridge. Tighten the stem screw or replace the cartridge according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
* **Water leaking from the spout:** This could be due to a loose spout or a damaged O-ring inside the spout. Tighten the spout or replace the O-ring as needed.
### Additional Tips
* If you are unable to tighten the tap or stop the leak, it is recommended to call a licensed plumber.
* Regular maintenance of your taps, including tightening and cleaning, can help to prevent leaks and extend their lifespan.
* Consider using low-flow taps to reduce water consumption and save money on your water bills.