## Cicadas: Impact on Vegetable Gardens
### Introduction
Cicadas are fascinating insects that emerge periodically from underground to mate and reproduce. Their brief above-ground presence can sometimes raise concerns for gardeners, as they fear potential damage to their vegetable crops. This article explores the potential impact of cicadas on vegetable gardens and provides guidance on protective measures.
### Do Cicadas Eat Vegetables?
Adult cicadas primarily feed on the sap of trees and shrubs. They do not typically consume vegetable matter. However, their nymphs, which live underground for years, may occasionally feed on plant roots.
### Root Damage from Nymphs
Cicada nymphs can cause minor root damage to young vegetable plants if present in large numbers. However, this damage is usually not severe enough to significantly affect plant growth or yield. Most established vegetable plants have well-developed root systems that can withstand feeding by cicada nymphs without issue.
### Indirect Damage: Disease Transmission
Cicadas can occasionally transmit fungal diseases to plants through their feeding activities. These diseases can weaken plants and reduce yield. However, the likelihood of disease transmission is relatively low in vegetable gardens, as cicadas prefer to feed on tree sap.
### Damage to Young Seedlings
Newly planted or germinating vegetable seedlings may be vulnerable to cicada nymphs, as their tender roots can be easily damaged. To protect these vulnerable plants, consider covering them with row covers or placing them in containers raised off the ground.
### Management Strategies
1. Avoid Planting During Emergence Periods:
Cicadas typically emerge in large numbers during specific years known as “brood years.” If possible, avoid planting new vegetable crops during these periods to minimize exposure to cicada nymphs.
2. Plant Resistant Varieties:
Choose vegetable varieties that are known to be more resistant to cicada damage. Examples include plants with deep root systems or those that can tolerate root injury.
3. Create Physical Barriers:
Row covers or netting can be used to create physical barriers that prevent cicadas from accessing vegetable plants. Install these barriers securely before cicadas emerge and maintain them throughout the duration of their presence.
4. Use Organic Mulch:
A thick layer of organic mulch can discourage cicada nymphs from tunneling near the surface. This mulch also retains moisture and suppresses weeds, further protecting vegetable plants.
5. Water Deeply:
Regular deep watering can help establish strong root systems in vegetable plants, making them less susceptible to damage from cicada nymphs.
6. Control Root Competition:
Remove any competing weeds or other plants around vegetable crops to prevent cicadas from feeding on their roots.
7. Monitor and Remove Nymphs:
Inspect the soil around vegetable plants for signs of cicada nymphs. If nymphs are present, remove them manually or use an insecticidal soap solution for control. Avoid using broad-spectrum insecticides, as they can harm beneficial insects in the garden.
8. Prune Affected Plants:
In severe cases, cicada damage may cause wilting or yellowing of vegetable plants. Prune affected leaves or stems to promote new growth and improve plant health.
### Conclusion
While cicadas can cause some minor damage to vegetable gardens, it is generally not a significant threat. By following the preventive measures outlined in this article, gardeners can minimize the impact of cicadas and protect their vegetable crops. Remember, cicadas are fascinating creatures that play an important role in the ecosystem, so while their presence may be a temporary inconvenience, they should not be a source of undue concern for vegetable gardeners.